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Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2007)

Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2007)

 Norfolk Island (2005)British Indian Ocean Territory (2007)
 Norfolk IslandBritish Indian Ocean Territory
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)
-
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry -
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 54,400 sq km


land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km


water: 54,340 sq km


note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate NA -
Budget revenues: $20 million


expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
-
Capital Kingston -
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline 32 km 698 km
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 -
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: BIOT
Death rate NA -
Debt - external NA -
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001, the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1967 and 1973 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; in May 2006, the High Court of London reversed U.K. Government's 2004 orders of council that banned habitation on the islands; a small group of Chagossians visited Diego Garcia in April 2006; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest viable island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient NA -
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where a joint UK-US military facility is located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installation are performed by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the native Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The territory makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - production NA kWh NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians -
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Commissioner Leigh TURNER (since July 2006); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK and are represented by the officer commanding British Forces on Diego Garcia


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) -
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados -
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
-
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA -
GDP - real growth rate NA -
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
-
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) -
Imports - commodities NA -
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe -
Independence none (territory of Australia) -
Industrial production growth rate NA -
Industries tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete -
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
-
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA -
International organization participation UPU -
Irrigated land NA 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions -
Labor force 1,345 -
Labor force - by occupation tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian -
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
-
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
-
Literacy NA -
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references Oceania Political Map of the World
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) -
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
-
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) NA
Natural resources fish coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate NA -
Political parties and leaders none -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 1,828 (July 2005 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate -0.01% (2005 est.) -
Ports and harbors none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) -
Sex ratio NA -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: free local calls


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available


domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet


international: country code (Diego Garcia) - 246; international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) 1 (1997)
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate NA -
Unemployment rate 0% -
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